Python Functions – Python Tutorial

After Python Loops, now its turn of Python Functions. So guys, in this article, we will discuss what Function is in Python? How it is working with suitable examples.

Let’s start the tutorial…

Function in Python is comparable to other programming languages. A function is a block of code that will only run when it is called.

Python Functions are two types:

• User defined Functions
• Built in Functions

As we already know, Python gives many built-in functions like print() function, etc., but we can also create our functions. Functions are created by the user, which are called user-defined functions. The Function contains the set of programming statements enclosed by {}.

We can define a function in Python by using the def keyword.

Syntax:

def function_name (parameters):  
      function_code block  
return <value>

Syntax explanation:

• The def keyword is applied to define the Function.
• function_name is the function name that will anything Function name is up to the user.
• A function accepts the parameter, and it can be optional.
• The function block is started with the colon (:).
• The return statement is used to return the value.

Example.1:

def lesser_of_two_number(a,b):
    if a%2==0 and b%2==0:
        if a<b:
            result=a
        else:
            result=b
    else:       
        if(a>b):
            result=b
        else:
            result=a
    return result  

Example.2:

def animal_cracker(text):
    wordlist=text.split()
    #s=wordlist[0]
    #d=wordlist[1]
    return wordlist[0][0]== wordlist[1][0]

Output:

Once we finalized the basic structure of a function, then we can call a function by typing the function name, followed by ().

Syntax:

Function_name()

Example:

def first_function():
  print("Hello world")

first_function()

• A Python Iterator is an object that allows the programmer to traverse through all the collection elements, regardless of its specific implementation.
• The values of an Iterator can be accessed only once and in sequential order. An example of An iterator is given below:

x = [7, 3, 1]
s = iter(x)            
print(next(s))      # -> 7
print(next(s))      # -> 3
print(next(s))      # -> 1
print(next(s))      # -> StopIteration Error

Output:

You can see the iteration; in the 6th line, we can see the stopIteration error when the list has no item left.

• List comprehensive is an Alternative to for loops.
• More short, readable, efficient, and mimic functional programming style.
• Used to:
  1. Apply a method to all or specific elements of a list, and
  2. Filter elements of the list satisfying specific criteria.

Example:

x = [7, 3, 1]
y = [ i**2 for i in x ]   # List Comprehension expression
print(y)             

Output will be like this:
[49, 9, 1]

• A Generator object is an iterator whose values are created at the time of accessing them.
• It can be obtained either from a generator expression or a generator function.

Example:

x = [7, 3, 1]
g = (i**2 for i in x)  # generator expression
print(next(g))  

Output:
49

Previous Post

• Python Loops – Python3 Tutorials
• Conditionals Statement in Python

We have discussed the Python functions, iterators, list comprehension, and Generators with appropriate examples in the above. In the coming one, we will discuss the lambda and python class and many more.

Thank You 🙂